Columbite

Mineral Category: Non- Metallic

Overview: Columbite, also called niobite, niobite-tantalite and columbate, with a general chemical formula of (FeII,MnII)Nb2O6, is a black mineral group that is an ore of niobium. It has a submetallic luster, a high density, and is a niobate of iron and manganese. Columbite has the same composition and crystal symmetry (orthorhombic) as tantalite.In fact, the two are often grouped together as a semi-singular mineral series called columbite-tantalite or coltan in many mineral guides. However, tantalite has a much greater specific gravity than columbite, more than 8.0 compared to columbite's 5.2. The formation of columbite depends on the concentrations of metals present that affect the crystalline structure of the mineral and the environmental impact.

Key Uses & Industries Served:

• High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA) Steel
• Electronics
• Aerospace and Defense
• Medical Equipment – Healthcare Industry

Importance to Infrastructure / Economy: Columbite (a major component of coltan) is a critical mineral of immense industrial and economic importance, primarily serving as the main ore for niobium (Nb) and a significant source of tantalum (Ta). Its unique properties—high corrosion resistance, high melting points, and strength at high temperatures—make it indispensable in modern technology, including electronics, aerospace, and energy industries.

CMDC is actively exploring appropriate extraction technologies for recovery of columbite from tin slag generated during tin ore processing, as well as direct extraction of columbite from raw ore within the State of Chhattisgarh (C.G.).